Image Retrieval Knowledge and Art History Curriculum in the Digital Age

This study investigates end-users\u27 image queries by comparing the features of the queries to those identified in previous studies proposed by Enser and McGregor (1992), Jorgensen (1995) and Fidel (1997) in order to discover the utility of these existing features for the art history field and identify any expansions or new features. It also examines relationships between user search tasks and image query modes. Enser and McGregor\u27s categories of Unique and Non-unique, and Jorgensen\u27s classes of Location, Literal Object, Art Historical Information, People and People-related Attributes received high degrees of matching by three reviewers. This finding can be applied to add more details to Enser and McGregor\u27s four categories (Unique, Non-unique, Unique with refiners, and Non-unique with refiners) and to re-group Jorgensen\u27s 12 classes of image attributes. This study also found several significant relationships between the participants\u27 retrieval tasks and query modes. The participants who used fewer keywords from their topic title and topic description had a larger number of keywords or phrases they planned to use. A significant difference was found between the mean of the search keywords or phrases participants planned to use and the mean of the search keywords or phrases they actually used. The participants who submitted a higher number of keywords or phrases they planned to use were able to draw more pictures representing their topic title and the participants who had a greater number of keywords or phrases actually used also generated a larger number of post-search drawings. A significant relationship was also found between the level of success and the number of keywords or phrases participants planned to use. Implications for 2 curriculum design in the art history field, library instruction, image indexing tools and image retrieval system design are proposed

Low power sigma delta modulator with dynamic biasing for audio applications

[[abstract]]In this paper, a low power sigma delta modulator with dynamic biasing technique is presented. According to the analysis of the operations of the switched-capacitor integrator, the folded-cascode operational amplifier can be designed with optimized biasing currents in three different phases to reduce power dissipations. The total power saving is 20% of the general one. A prototyping fourth order single-bit MASH 2-2 sigma delta modulator is designed with the technique of dynamic biasing to achieve dynamic range of 95 dB and peak signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio of 93 dB. The experimental circuit is designed in 0.35 mum 2P4M CMOS technology. The chip area is 3.11 mm2, and the power dissipation is only 5 mW from a supply voltage of 3 V.[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20070805~20070808[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]Montreal, Quebec, Canad

A Conceptual Framework for Digital Libraries for K–12 Mathematics Education: Part 2, New Educational Standards, Policy Making, and Accountability

This paper is the second of two (see pt. 1) that describe a six-part conceptual framework for designing and evaluating digital libraries for mathematics education in K–12 settings: information literacy, information organization, integrated learn- ing, adoption of new educational standards, integration of pertinent changes in educational policy making, and ensuring accountability. This second paper explores the final three elements of the six-part framework. Accountability has become the core of the educational reform initiated by federal policies and measured by state-mandated educational standards. These political circumstances, as well as communication and collaboration, must be constitutively involved in the iterative design, implementation, and evaluation of digital libraries. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations for the design and implementation of digital libraries for K–12 mathematics education based on the authors’ discussion of these final three elements

Impact of Open Source Library Automation System on Public Library Users

poster abstractThis study examined the implementation of an open source library automation system, Evergreen, in Indiana public libraries and its impact to library users. Three-hundred-forty-nine participants recruited from nine public libraries completed a quarterly user survey regarding their history at the local public libraries and their use of the previous OPACs and the Evergreen OPAC. The implementation of the Indiana Evergreen System received a moderately positive mark from the participants and the positive mark was related to the use of the ILL library function. The ILL service satisfied the participants’ needs; in the meantime, the service also motivated them to use the Evergreen system. Initial benefits for the Evergreen users are confirmed in this project. As open source ILS aim to enhance library services through better library management systems, we also believe improved ILS will be based on increased understanding of users

A Conceptual Framework for Digital Libraries for K-12 Mathematics Education: Part 1, Information Organization, Information Literacy, and Integrated Learning

This article is the first of two that present a six-part conceptual framework for the design and evaluation of digital libraries meant to support mathematics education in K-12 settings (see also pt. 2). This first article concentrates on (1) information organization, (2) information literacy, and (3) integrated learning with multimedia materials. The second article reviews (4) adoption of new standards for mathematics education, (5) integration of pertinent changes in educational policy, and (6) ensuring pedagogic and political accountability. Each article concludes with specific recommendations for digital libraries meant to support K-12 mathematics education appropriate to the topics the article discusses. This framework, which may be of some use to researchers and educators in many settings and countries, emphasizes the importance of communication, community building, and learning activities that use different media for the design of digital functionalities and online collections of mathematics learning materials. The major goal of the framework described here is to consider how to bring the larger computationally intensive collections called digital libraries closer to the existing structures and practices of learners and teachers while recognizing the new functionalities and learning opportunities that digital libraries offer

System Function Adoption of an Open Source Digital Repository System: A Global View

This poster reports a project that examines the adoption of system functions of an open source digital repository, DSpace. It also identifies the factors which have influenced the functions\u27 adoption. The data were collected from DSpace user registry from September 2013 to March 2014. A total of 545 repositories in the registry contained system function customizations, representing 533 unique institutions from 95 countries. The preliminary findings indicate that 10 of the 32 available system functions are adopted by over 10% of its members; the majority of repositories are from academia; academic repositories also offer most system functions; and the U.S. and India each comprises over 10% of DSpace repositories that have DSpace system function customizations. Additionally, repositories from India utilize most system functions. About two-thirds of institutions are using DSpace as their institutional repositories and the two major (over 50%) content types are conference publications and technical reports

Data Management and Curation Practices: The Case of using DSpace and Implications

Data management and curation is a new challenge with the emerging trend of data-dependent scholarly research. Due to the lack of common standards and best practices, current data management and curation practices have been varied. This poster presents a project that examines the common practices of data management and curation that helps understand the scope of and factors behind such variations. The sample of this study consists of 171 unique data repositories created by 164 institutions from 95 countries worldwide. The preliminary results indicate that data management and curation is a global issue. Currently, academic institutions and government agencies are the leading force in contributing and sharing data. Data repositories are used for various purposes with international repository and learning resources being the most common use cases. Additionally, system functions used to manage data repositories vary to a great extent with statistics and OAI harvesting being the most common ones

The Influence of a Sign System on the Sense of Presence in a Desktop Virtual Environment

In a virtual world, users experience compelling illusions, allowing them to become a part of an electronically generated environment. In the world of Virtual Environments, presence refers to such compelling sense of being in a computer generated environment. In spite of the importance of users\u27 perceptual experience, however, only limited consideration has been given to the experiences users encounter when interacting with the virtual interface. This research is therefore to investigate the impact of interface design on the sense of presence. In particular, this study attempts to examine whether the degrees of presence are enhanced by navigational affordances supported by a sign system. A controlled experiment with between-subject factorial design will be conducted to examine the effects of a sign system on users\u27 perceptual experience. Forty participants will be asked to accomplish two sets of seven comparable tasks (total 14 tasks) with and without a help of signs. Upon completion, participants will be asked to complete a post-test questionnaire on the sense of presence on 1-to-7 Likert type scales. For the two sessions of trial, two virtual universities were constructed with ActiveWorlds (http://www.activeworlds.com). ANOVA repeated measure and correlation analysis will be used for the data analysis

An Analysis of Online News Comments on Children\u27s Racial Perceptions in the U.S.

This paper studies how a large online community made sense of a television and online news organization\u27s cosponsored study of children\u27s perceptions of race in the America. 2,906 readers\u27 comments from the CNN special report were collected in December 2010. After classifying these comments, there were four data sets: all comments, negative comments, positive comments, and popular comments (comments with Like). Wordstat, a contentanalysis software program, was used to analyze the word/phrase frequency of four data sets. The purpose of the content analysis was to identify any similar pattern of word/phrase among the data sets. Of 2,906 comments, 1,745 comments (60%) received the Like votes from other online readers. However, the majority of these comments (1,723; 59.29%) received fewer than 26 votes of Like. Regarding the positive comments, only 68 comments were agreed upon by the three reviewers. Seven of those comments were highly positive (over 6 based on a 7-point Likert scale). On the other side, 456 comments were agreed upon by the reviewers as negative comments. However, the majority of those comments (443) were slightly negative (2.01-3 based on a 7-point Likert scale)